The development of this report was led by the World Bank and prepared by experts from the World Bank and adelphi. Contributions, including on data and information on emissions trading systems, were provided by the International Carbon Action Partnership. Additional data and contributions were also provided by Ecosystem Marketplace. Platts, S&P Global Commodity Insights, and the Institute for Climate Economics also supported development of this report.
Carbon pricing adoption has been limited over the past year, but there are promising signs of uptake in middle-income countries • There are 75 carbon taxes and emissions trading schemes in operation worldwide.
- There was a net gain of two carbon pricing instruments over the past 12 months.
- Middle-income countries including Brazil, India, and Türkiye have made progress towards carbon pricing implementation.
- Implementation also progressed at the subnational level, despite some setbacks.
- Progress was observed in sector-specific multilateral initiatives for international aviation and shipping.
- The European Union Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism commenced, requiring importers of specified products to report embedded emissions
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